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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2226-5988</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="eissn">2686-6749</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="ru">Клиническая и экспериментальная морфология</journal-title>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">Clinical and Experimental Morphology</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>ООО "Группа МДВ"</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31088/cem2023.12.1.24-33</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="ru">Имплантационная несостоятельность эндометрия в циклах экстракорпорального оплодотворения у пациенток с хроническим эндометритом</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
          <trans-title>Endometrial implantation failure in cycles of in vitro fertilization in patients with chronic endometritis</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Траль</surname>
            <given-names>Татьяна Георгиевна</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Траль</surname>
              <given-names>Татьяна Георгиевна</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Tral</surname>
              <given-names>Tatyana G.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>ttg.tral@yandex.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-8948-4811</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Толибова</surname>
            <given-names>Гулрухсор Хайбуллоевна</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Толибова</surname>
              <given-names>Гулрухсор Хайбуллоевна</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Tolibova</surname>
              <given-names>Gulrukhsor Kh.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-6216-6220</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Коган</surname>
            <given-names>Игорь Юрьевич</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Коган</surname>
              <given-names>Игорь Юрьевич</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Kogan</surname>
              <given-names>Igor Yu.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-7351-6900</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ Научно-исследовательский институт акушерства, гинекологии и репродуктологии имени Д.О. Отта; ФГБОУ ВО Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет Минздрава России (Санкт-Петербург, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology; St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Saint Petersburg, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff2">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ Научно-исследовательский институт акушерства, гинекологии и репродуктологии имени Д.О. Отта; ФГБОУ ВО Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И. Мечникова Минздрава России (Санкт-Петербург, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology; I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Saint Petersburg, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff3">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ Научно-исследовательский институт акушерства, гинекологии и репродуктологии имени Д.О. Отта (Санкт-Петербург, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology (Saint Petersburg, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2023-03-13">
        <day>13</day>
        <month>03</month>
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>12</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>24</fpage>
      <lpage>33</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-09-19">
          <day>19</day>
          <month>09</month>
          <year>2022</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-12-12">
          <day>12</day>
          <month>12</month>
          <year>2022</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="2022-10-14">
          <day>14</day>
          <month>10</month>
          <year>2022</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>Введение. Хронический эндометрит является одним из наиболее частых заболеваний органов малого таза и негативно влияет на основные патогенетические звенья морфогенеза секреторной и гравидарной трансформации эндометрия, детерминирующие имплантационную несостоятельность эндометрия. Цель исследования – верификация экспрессии рецепторов эстрогена (estrogen receptors, ER) и прогестерона (progesterone receptors, PR), прогестерониндуцированного блокирующего фактора (progesterone-induced blocking factor, PIBF) и стромального клеточного фактора-1 (stromal cell-derived factor-1, SDF-1) в эндометрии пациенток с хроническим эндометритом, неэффективными циклами и репродуктивными потерями после экстракорпорального оплодотворения (ЭКО). Материалы и методы. Сформированы три группы исследования: I группа – эндометрий от пациенток с неэффективными циклами ЭКО (n=50); II группа – эндометрий от пациенток с неразвивающейся беременностью в анамнезе после ЭКО (n=50); III группа, контрольная, – эндометрий от условно здоровых пациенток (n=25). Проведено гистологическое исследование по стандартной методике. Иммуногистохимическое исследование с оценкой экспрессии ER и PR, PIBF и SDF-1 в железах и строме эндометрия средней стадии фазы секреции. Результаты. При гистологическом исследовании средняя стадия фазы секреции в I и II группах исследования выявлена только в 46% и 42% случаях и сопровождалась снижением экспрессии ER и PR более чем в 92% случаев. В эндометрии периода окна имплантации от пациенток с репродуктивными неудачами выявлено статистически значимое снижение экспрессии PIBF и SDF-1 в железах и стромальном компоненте. Заключение. У пациенток с неэффективными циклами и неразвивающейся беременностью после ЭКО на фоне хронического эндометрита выявляется нарушение имплантационной состоятельности эндометрия с изменением баланса хемокинов, цитокинов, клеточных факторов и структурно-функциональных характеристик эндометрия.</p>
      </abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>Introduction. Chronic endometritis is one of the most frequent gynecological diseases which negatively impacts the main pathogenetic links in the morphogenesis of secretory and gestational endometrial transformation. These links determine implantation failure. The study aimed to verify the expression of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR), progesterone-induced blocking factor (PIBF) and stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) in the endometrium of patients having chronic endometritis with ineffective IVF cycles or undeveloped pregnancies occurred after assisted reproductive technologies in their histories. Materials and methods. We formed 3 study groups: group I included samples of the endometrium of patients with ineffective IVF cycles (n=50); group II contained samples received from patients with a history of undeveloped pregnancy after IVF (n=50); and group III (the control group) included endometrial tissue from healthy patients (n=25). We carried out routine histological evaluation followed by an immunohistochemical assay with ER, PR, PIBF, and SDF-1 in the endometrial glands and stroma in the middle secretion phase. esults. The middle stage of the secretion phase of the menstrual cycle in endometrial samples of groups I and II was detected in only 46% and 42% of cases, respectively. We showed a decrease in the ER and PR expression in more than 92% of cases. Statistically significant decrease was detected in PIBF and SDF-1 expression in the endometrial glands and stroma within the implantation window in patients with a history of reproductive loss.  Conclusion. Violation of implantation viability with an imbalance of chemokines, cytokines, cellular factors, and structural and functional characteristics of the endometrium was found in patients with revealed chronic endometritis and history of ineffective IVF cycles and miscarriage after ART.  Keywords: endometrium,IVF, missed abortion after IVF, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, progesterone-induced blocking factor, stromal cell-derived factor-1</p>
      </trans-abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <title>Ключевые слова</title>
        <kwd>эндометрий</kwd>
        <kwd>ЭКО</kwd>
        <kwd>неразвивающаяся беременность после ЭКО</kwd>
        <kwd>рецепторы эстрогена</kwd>
        <kwd>рецепторы прогестерона</kwd>
        <kwd>прогестерониндуцированный блокирующий фактор</kwd>
        <kwd>стромальный клеточный фактор-1</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>endometrium</kwd>
        <kwd>IVF</kwd>
        <kwd>missed abortion after IVF</kwd>
        <kwd>estrogen receptor</kwd>
        <kwd>progesterone receptor</kwd>
        <kwd>progesterone-induced blocking factor</kwd>
        <kwd>stromal cell-derived factor-1</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <funding-group>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках фундаментального научного исследования № 1021062512052-5-3.2.2 Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации.</funding-statement>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out within the framework of the Fundamental Scientific Research No. 1021062512052-5-3.2.2 of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation.</funding-statement>
      </funding-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body/>
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