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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2226-5988</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="eissn">2686-6749</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="ru">Клиническая и экспериментальная морфология</journal-title>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">Clinical and Experimental Morphology</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>ООО "Группа МДВ"</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31088/cem2023.12.4.71-79</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="ru">Изменения формирования селезенки в раннем постнатальном периоде у крыс, развивавшихся при низкодозовом воздействии эндокринного дисраптора ДДТ</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
          <trans-title>Effects of low doses of endocrine disruptor DDT on early postnatal spleen development in rats</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Гагулаева</surname>
            <given-names>Белла Борисовна</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Гагулаева</surname>
              <given-names>Белла Борисовна</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Gagulaeva</surname>
              <given-names>Bella B.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>cem.journal@mail.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-1415-3070</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Яглова</surname>
            <given-names>Наталья Валентиновна</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Яглова</surname>
              <given-names>Наталья Валентиновна</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Yaglova</surname>
              <given-names>Natalya V.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>yaglova@mail.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8239-5039</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Обернихин</surname>
            <given-names>Сергей Станиславович</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Обернихин</surname>
              <given-names>Сергей Станиславович</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Obernikhin</surname>
              <given-names>Sergey S.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>cem.journal@mail.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-0997-6766</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Тимохина</surname>
            <given-names>Екатерина Петровна</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Тимохина</surname>
              <given-names>Екатерина Петровна</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Timokhina</surname>
              <given-names>Ekaterina P.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>cem.journal@mail.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-0504-1488</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Яглов</surname>
            <given-names>Валентин Васильевич</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Яглов</surname>
              <given-names>Валентин Васильевич</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Yaglov</surname>
              <given-names>Valentin V.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>cem.journal@mail.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-4357-0639</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт морфологии человека имени академика А.П. Авцына ФГБНУ «Российский научный центр хирургии имени академика Б.В. Петровского» (Москва, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBSI “Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery” (Moscow, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2023-12-25">
        <day>25</day>
        <month>12</month>
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>12</volume>
      <issue>4</issue>
      <fpage>71</fpage>
      <lpage>79</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-04-26">
          <day>26</day>
          <month>04</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-06-20">
          <day>20</day>
          <month>06</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="2023-05-12">
          <day>12</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>Введение. Воздействие эндокринных дисрапторов на развивающийся организм рассматривается как объективный фактор риска нарушения функционирования органов. К наиболее распространенным дисрапторам относится дихлордифенилтрихлорэтан (ДДТ). Он начинает свое воздействие еще во внутриутробном периоде, поскольку легко проникает через фетоплацентарный барьер. Последствия воздействия низких доз ДДТ на развитие и функционирование органов иммунной защиты неизвестны. Цель исследования – изучить формирование селезенки в раннем постнатальном периоде у крыс, развивавшихся при воздействии эндокринного дисраптора ДДТ. Материалы и методы. Исследование выполнено на 30 самцах крыс Вистар в возрасте 7 суток, разделенных на две группы. Опытную группу (n=14) составило потомство самок, потреблявших вместо воды раствор о,п-ДДТ (20 мкг/л) в течение беременности и молочного вскармливания. Определяли анатомические и гистоморфометрические параметры развития селезенки. Оценивали содержание Т- и В-лимфоцитов методом проточной цитофлуориметрии. Результаты. У крыс, развивавшихся при воздействии эндокринного дисраптора ДДТ, масса селезенки не отличалась от контрольных значений. Белая пульпа была представлена формирующимися периартериальными лимфоидными муфтами, которые имели бóльшие размеры, но менее плотное расположение клеток. Маргинальная зона обнаруживалась у большего числа лимфоидных муфт по сравнению с контролем. Ее размеры превышали контрольные значения, но количество клеток в 1 мм2 площади было меньше, а гранулоциты не выявлялись. Количество клеток в 1 мм2 красной пульпы, включая мегакариоциты, не отличалось от значений контрольной группы, но содержание гранулоцитов было бóльшим. Численность дифференцированных В- и Т-клеток в селезенке была пониженной. Заключение. Селезенка крыс, подвергавшихся воздействию эндокринного дисраптора ДДТ в пренатальном и постнатальном развитии, характеризовалась более быстрыми темпами формирования белой пульпы и в то же время замедлением терминальной дифференцировки лимфоцитов и темпов миграции нейтрофилов в селезенку.</p>
      </abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>Introduction. Exposure of a developing body to endocrine disrupting chemicals is considered to be a risk factor for organ disorders. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) is known as one of the most wide-spread endocrine disruptors, the exposure to which begins in the prenatal period because of its ability to penetrate the placental barrier. The effects of low-dose DDT exposure on the immune system development are poorly studied, so we aimed to evaluate spleen development in the early postnatal period in rats exposed to DDT. Materials and methods. The study was performed on 2 groups of rats. The control one included 16 7-day-old male Wistar rats, whereas the experimental group consisted of 14 offspring of females that consumed a solution of o,p-DDT (20 μg/l) during pregnancy and lactation. We evaluated anatomical and histomorphometric parameters of spleen development and counted B- and T-lymphocytes with flow cytometry. Results. The DDT exposure did not influence the weight of the spleen. The white pulp had periarterial lymphoid sheaths, which were larger in size and had a less dense arrangement of cells. The marginal zone was found in a larger number of lymphoid sheaths and was of a greater area. However, the number of cells in 1 mm2 was lower and we detected no granulocytes. In the red pulp, the number of cells in 1 mm2 (including megakaryocytes) did not differ from the values of the control group, but the content of granulocytes was higher. We observed a reduced number of differentiated B- and T-cells. Conclusion. The spleens of the experimental rats were characterized by a faster formation of the white pulp and slower rates of terminal lymphocyte differentiation and neutrophil migration into the spleen. Keywords: spleen, histogenesis, endocrine disruptor, DDT, lymphocytes</p>
      </trans-abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <title>Ключевые слова</title>
        <kwd>селезенка</kwd>
        <kwd>гистогенез</kwd>
        <kwd>эндокринный дисраптор</kwd>
        <kwd>ДДТ</kwd>
        <kwd>лимфоциты</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>spleen</kwd>
        <kwd>histogenesis</kwd>
        <kwd>endocrine disruptor</kwd>
        <kwd>DDT</kwd>
        <kwd>lymphocytes</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <funding-group>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке гранта РНФ № 23-25-00012.</funding-statement>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by the Russian Scientific Foundation, grant No. 23-25-00012.</funding-statement>
      </funding-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body/>
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