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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2226-5988</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="eissn">2686-6749</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="ru">Клиническая и экспериментальная морфология</journal-title>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">Clinical and Experimental Morphology</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>ООО "Группа МДВ"</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31088/cem2026.15.3.25-33</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="ru">Особенности распределения ключевого маркера митохондриального биогенеза PGC-1α в разных зонах головного мозга пациентов с болезнью Альцгеймера</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
          <trans-title>Regional distribution of the mitochondrial biogenesis regulator PGC-1α in the brain in Alzheimer’s disease</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Сухоруков</surname>
            <given-names>Владимир Сергеевич</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Сухоруков</surname>
              <given-names>Владимир Сергеевич</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Sukhorukov</surname>
              <given-names>V.S.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-0552-6939</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Баранич</surname>
            <given-names>Татьяна Ивановна</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Баранич</surname>
              <given-names>Татьяна Ивановна</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Baranich</surname>
              <given-names>T.I.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>baranich_tatyana@mail.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8999-9986</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Вельц</surname>
            <given-names>Ольга Владимировна</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Вельц</surname>
              <given-names>Ольга Владимировна</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Velts</surname>
              <given-names>О.V.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0003-0223-7335</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Воронков</surname>
            <given-names>Дмитрий Николаевич</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Воронков</surname>
              <given-names>Дмитрий Николаевич</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Voronkov</surname>
              <given-names>D.N.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-5222-5322</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Лазарев</surname>
            <given-names>Дмитрий Сергеевич</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Лазарев</surname>
              <given-names>Дмитрий Сергеевич</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Lazarev</surname>
              <given-names>D.S.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0004-8780-6425</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Щербак</surname>
            <given-names>Екатерина Вадимовна</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Щербак</surname>
              <given-names>Екатерина Вадимовна</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Shcherbak</surname>
              <given-names>E.V.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0006-0346-4523</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Ракша</surname>
            <given-names>Александр Петрович</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Ракша</surname>
              <given-names>Александр Петрович</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Raksha</surname>
              <given-names>A.P.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0005-7897-5179</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Яцковский</surname>
            <given-names>Александр Никодимович</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Яцковский</surname>
              <given-names>Александр Никодимович</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Yatskovskiy</surname>
              <given-names>A.N.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-4387-7307</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Глинкина</surname>
            <given-names>Валерия Владимировна</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Глинкина</surname>
              <given-names>Валерия Владимировна</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Glinkina</surname>
              <given-names>V.V.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-8708-6940</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ Российский центр неврологии и нейронаук (Москва, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Russian Center of Neurology and Neurosciences, Moscow, Russia (Moscow, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff2">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ Российский центр неврологии и нейронаук; ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет) (Москва, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Russian Center of Neurology and Neurosciences, Moscow, Russia; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia (Moscow, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff3">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ Городская клиническая больница № 1 имени Н.И. Пирогова Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы (Москва, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Pirogov City Clinical Hospital No. 1, Moscow, Russia (Moscow, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff4">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет) (Москва, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia (Moscow, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-06-30">
        <day>30</day>
        <month>06</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>15</volume>
      <issue>3</issue>
      <fpage>25</fpage>
      <lpage>33</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-03-02">
          <day>02</day>
          <month>03</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-05-14">
          <day>14</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="2026-03-10">
          <day>10</day>
          <month>03</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Коллектив авторов</copyright-holder>
        <license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/">
          <license-p>CC BY-NC 4.0</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>Введение. Болезнь Альцгеймера представляет собой наиболее распространенную нейродегенеративную патологию, однако ее патогенез остается неясным. Было доказано, что дисфункция одного из основных регуляторов митохондриального биогенеза – белка PGC-1α ассоциирована с ранней утратой синапсов в наиболее поврежденных при болезни Альцгеймера областях мозга. Тем не менее в настоящее время данные о распределении белка PGC-1α в нейронах при болезни Альцгеймера носят зачастую обобщенный характер, а детальная картина этого маркера в разных зонах коры и подкорковых структурах пациентов отсутствует. В связи с этим целью данного исследования является оценка распределения белка PGC-1α в нейронах критически важных для диагностики болезни Альцгеймера зон: передней поясной извилины, средней лобной извилины, нижней теменной дольки, головки хвостатого ядра и гиппокампа. Материалы и методы. Иммуногистохимическое исследование маркера PGC-1α в указанных зонах было выполнено с использованием аутопсийного материала пациентов с болезнью Альцгеймера, пациентов старческого и молодого возраста. Результаты. При болезни Альцгеймера наблюдается выраженный рост реакции маркера белка PGC‑1α во всех исследуемых областях коры. Иной характер реакции обнаружен в нейронах гиппокампа: нейроны зоны СА1 демонстрируют тенденцию к снижению уровня этого белка, а в нейронах зоны СА2 наблюдается его выраженное снижение. Заключение. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о том, что выраженное снижение реакции PGC‑1α, отражающее падение уровня биогенеза митохондрий в гиппокампе, очевидно может являться значимым звеном повреждения нейронов данной области мозга при болезни Альцгеймера.</p>
      </abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>Introduction. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common neurodegenerative disorder; however, its pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. PGC-1α dysfunction, a key regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis, has been associated with early synapse loss in the brain regions most severely affected by the disease. Nevertheless, current data on neuronal PGC-1α distribution in Alzheimer’s disease remain largely generalized, and its detailed characterization across different cortical and subcortical areas is still scarce. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate PGC-1α distribution in neurons of brain regions critically involved in Alzheimer’s disease, including the anterior cingulate gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, head of the caudate nucleus, and hippocampus. &#13;
Materials and methods. Autopsy brain specimens from elderly and young patients with Alzheimer’s disease were subjected to immunohistochemical study of PGC-1α distribution in the abovementioned areas. &#13;
Results. A marked increase in PGC-1α expression was observed in all examined cortical regions. In contrast, a different pattern of response was found in hippocampal neurons: neurons in the CA1 region showed a tendency toward decreased PGC-1α levels, while neurons in the CA2 region showed a marked decrease in protein expression. &#13;
Conclusion. Our data indicate that a significant reduction in PGC-1α levels, reflecting impaired mitochondrial biogenesis in the hippocampus may represent a significant factor contributing to neuronal damage in this brain region in Alzheimer’s disease.&#13;
Keywords: mitochondria, neurodegeneration, Alzheimer’s disease, hippocampus, PGC-1α</p>
      </trans-abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <title>Ключевые слова</title>
        <kwd>митохондрии</kwd>
        <kwd>нейродегенерация</kwd>
        <kwd>болезнь Альцгеймера</kwd>
        <kwd>гиппокамп</kwd>
        <kwd>PGC-1α</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>mitochondria</kwd>
        <kwd>neurodegeneration</kwd>
        <kwd>Alzheimer's disease</kwd>
        <kwd>hippocampus</kwd>
        <kwd>PGC-1α</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <funding-group>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке гранта Минобрнауки России на проведение крупных научных проектов по приоритетным направлениям научно-технологического развития (соглашение № 075-15-2024-638).</funding-statement>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by a grant from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation for large-scale scientific projects in priority areas of scientific and technological development (agreement No. 075-15-2024-638).</funding-statement>
      </funding-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body/>
  <back>
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